Nekuenderera mberi kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemidziyo yeIoT, kutaurirana kana kubatana pakati pemidziyo iyi yave nyaya yakakosha yekutariswa.Kukurukurirana kwakajairika uye kwakakosha kuInternet yezvinhu.Ingave ipfupi-renji isina waya yekufambisa tekinoroji kana tekinoroji yekufambiswa kwenharembozha, inokanganisa kuvandudzwa kweInternet yezvinhu.Mukutaurirana, hurongwa hwekutaurirana hwakanyanya kukosha, uye ndiyo mitemo nezvibvumirano izvo masangano maviri anofanira kutevedzera kupedzisa kutaurirana kana sevhisi.Ichi chinyorwa chinosuma akati wandei aripo eIoT ekutaurirana maprotocol, ane mashandiro akasiyana, chiyero che data, kuvharika, simba uye ndangariro, uye imwe neimwe protocol ine zvayakanakira uye zvimwe kana kushoma kwakashata.Mamwe eaya maprotocol ekutaurirana akakodzera chete kumidziyo midiki yemumba, nepo mamwe achigona kushandiswa kumapurojekiti makuru edhorobha.Iyo yekutaurirana protocol yeInternet yezvinhu yakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri, imwe ndiyo protocol yekuwana, uye imwe yacho ndeyekutaurirana protocol.Iyo yekuwana protocol inowanzo tarisira kunetiweki uye kutaurirana pakati pemidziyo iri mu subnet;iyo protocol yekutaurirana ndiyo inonyanya kutaurirana protocol inoshanda pane yechinyakare Internet TCP/IP protocol, iyo ine basa rekuchinjana data uye kutaurirana kwemidziyo kuburikidza neInternet.
1. Kureba kweserura kutaurirana
(1) 2G/3G/4G maprotocol ekutaurirana anoreva chechipiri, chechitatu uye chechina chizvarwa chenharembozha yekutaurirana system mapuroteni zvichiteerana.
(2)NB-IoT
Iyo Narrow Band Internet yezvinhu (NB-iot) yave bazi rakakosha reInternet Yezvese.
Yakavakirwa pamaserura network, iyo nb-iot inongopedza 180kHz yebandwidth uye inogona kuiswa zvakananga paGSM, UMTS kana LTE network kuderedza mari yekuendesa uye kukwidziridzwa kwakanaka.
Nb-iot inotarisa pane yakaderera simba rakakura kuvhara (LPWA) Internet yeZvinhu (IoT) musika uye iri kubuda tekinoroji inogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rese.
Iyo ine hunhu hwekuvhara kwakakura, akawanda ekubatanidza, kukurumidza kukurumidza, mutengo wakaderera, yakaderera simba rekushandisa uye yakanakisa dhizaini.
Mamiriro ekushandisa: Iyo nB-iot network inounza mamiriro anosanganisira akangwara ekupaka, nehungwaru kurwisa moto, mvura ine hungwaru, akangwara emigwagwa magetsi, akagovaniswa mabhasikoro uye nehungwaru midziyo yemumba, nezvimwe.
(3)5G
Yechishanu chizvarwa chenharembozha yekutaurirana tekinoroji ndiyo yazvino chizvarwa chenharembozha yekutaurirana tekinoroji.
Zvinangwa zvekushanda zve5G ndezviyero zvepamusoro, kuderedzwa latency, kuchengetedza simba, kuderera kwemari, kuwedzera kwehutano hwehurongwa uye hukuru-hukuru hwekubatanidza mudziyo.
Mamiriro ekushandisa: AR / VR, Indaneti yemotokari, kugadzirwa kwehungwaru, simba rakachenjera, kurapa kusina wireless, varaidzo yeimba isina waya, Yakabatanidzwa UAV, ULTRA HIGH tsanangudzo / panoramic nhepfenyuro yehupenyu, rubatsiro rwemunhu AI, guta rakangwara.
2. Kureba kure kure kwete-cellular kutaurirana
(1) WiFi
Nekuda kwekukurumidza kukurumbira kwemahara eWiFi routers uye mafoni akachenjera mumakore mashoma apfuura, WiFi protocol yakashandiswawo zvakanyanya mumunda wesmart home.Mukana mukuru weWiFi protocol kuwana zvakananga kuInternet.
Kuenzaniswa neZigBee, iyo smart imba chirongwa uchishandisa Wifi protocol inobvisa kudiwa kwemamwe magedhi.Kuenzaniswa neBluetooth protocol, inobvisa kutsamira pane nharembozha dzakadai senharembozha.
Kuvharwa kweWiFi yekutengesa mumaguta ezvifambiso zveveruzhinji, nzvimbo dzekutenga nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeveruzhinji pasina mubvunzo zvinoburitsa mukana wekushandisa wezvekutengesa WiFi mamiriro.
(2)ZigBee
ZigBee inomhanya yakaderera uye ipfupi nhambwe yekufambisa isina waya yekutaurirana protocol, ndeye yakavimbika isina waya data data transmission network, iyo huru hunhu ndeye yakaderera kumhanya, yakaderera simba rekushandisa, yakaderera mutengo, inotsigira nhamba yakakura yetiweki node, inotsigira akasiyana network topology. , yakaderera yakaoma, inokurumidza, yakavimbika uye yakachengeteka.
ZigBee tekinoroji imhando nyowani yetekinoroji, iyo yakabuda munguva pfupi yapfuura.Iyo inonyanya kutsamira pane isina waya network yekufambisa.Iyo inogona kuita isina waya yekubatanidza iri padhuze uye ndeye wireless network yekutaurirana tekinoroji.
Izvo zvakanakira mabhenefiti eZigBee tekinoroji inoita kuti zvishoma nezvishoma ive tekinoroji yakajairika muInternet yeZvinhu indasitiri uye kuwana hukuru hwekushandisa muindasitiri, zvekurima, imba yakangwara uye mamwe minda.
(3)LoRa
LoRa (LongRange, LongRange) tekinoroji yekumisikidza inopa madaro marefu ekutaurirana kupfuura matekinoroji akafanana. LoRa gedhi, sensor yehutsi, kutarisa kwemvura, kuona infrared, kuisa, kuisa uye zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya zveIot zvigadzirwa. musiyano wenguva yekusvika kwegeolocation.Mamiriro ekushandisa eLoRa positioning: smart city and traffic monitoring, metering and logistics, zvekurima positioning monitoring.
3. NFC(padyo nendima yekutaura)
(1)RFID
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) ipfupi yeRadio Frequency Identification.Nheyo yayo ndeye kusingabatanidzwe data kutaurirana pakati pemuverengi uye tegi kuti zvizadzise chinangwa chekuziva chinangwa.Kushandiswa kweRFID kwakakura kwazvo, maapplications akajairika imhuka chip, car chip alarm device, access control, parking control, production line automation, material management.Iyo yakazara RFID system inosanganisira Reader, electronic Tag uye data management system.
(2)NFC
Zita rakazara rekuChina reNFC ndiro Near Field Communication Technology.NFC inogadzirwa pahwaro hwekusaonana neredhiyo frequency identification (RFID) tekinoroji uye yakasanganiswa newaya yekubatanidza tekinoroji.Inopa yakachengeteka uye nekukurumidza nzira yekutaurirana kune akasiyana zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi izvo zviri kuramba zvichizivikanwa muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva.Iyo "padyo munda" muzita reChinese reNFC inoreva masaisai eredhiyo padyo nenzvimbo yemagetsi.
Mamiriro ekushandisa: Anoshandiswa mukutonga kwekuwana, kupinda, vashanyi, kusaina musangano, patrol uye mamwe minda.NFC ine mabasa akadai sekudyidzana kwevanhu-kombuta uye kupindirana kwemuchina-kune-muchina.
(3)Bluetooth
Tekinoroji yeBluetooth ndeye yakavhurika yepasirese yakatarwa yeasina waya data uye kutaurirana kwezwi.Iyo yakakosha ipfupi-renji isina waya tekinoroji yekubatanidza yakavakirwa pane yakaderera-yenguva pfupi-renji isina waya yekubatanidza kumisa nharaunda yekukurukurirana kune yakagadziriswa uye nharembozha.
Bluetooth inogona kuchinjanisa ruzivo pasina waya pakati pezvishandiso zvakawanda zvinosanganisira nharembozha, PDAs, mahedhifoni asina waya, makomputa ekunyorera, uye zvimwe zvinoenderana nazvo.Iko kushandiswa kwe "Bluetooth" tekinoroji inogona kunyatso kurerutsa kutaurirana pakati penharembozha yekutaurirana terminal zvishandiso, uye zvakare nekubudirira kurerutsa kutaurirana pakati pechishandiso neInternet, kuitira kuti kuendesa data kuite nekukurumidza uye kushanda nesimba, uye kuwedzera nzira yekutaurirana isina waya.
4. Wired communication
(1) USB
USB, chidimbu cheChirungu Universal Serial Bus (Universal Serial Bus), chiyero chebhazi chekunze chinoshandiswa kudzora kubatana uye kutaurirana pakati pemakomputa nemidziyo yekunze.Ndiyo tekinoroji tekinoroji inoshandiswa mumunda wePC.
(2)Serial communication protocol
Iyo serial yekutaurirana protocol inoreva izvo zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvinotsanangura zviri mukati me data packet, iyo inosanganisira yekutanga bhiti, data remuviri, cheki zvishoma uye mira zvishoma.Mapato ese ari maviri anofanirwa kubvumirana pane inowirirana data packet fomati kuti atumire uye kugamuchira data.Mukutaurirana, zvinowanzoshandiswa zvinosanganisira RS-232, RS-422 uye RS-485.
Serial communication inoreva nzira yekukurukurirana iyo data inofambiswa zvishoma nezvishoma pakati pemaperipheral nemakomputa.Iyi nzira yekukurukurirana inoshandisa mitsara shoma yedata, iyo inogona kuchengetedza mari yekukurukurirana mukutaurirana kure-kure, asi kukurumidza kwayo kwekufambisa kwakaderera pane kutenderera kwakafanana.Mazhinji makomputa (asingasanganisire zvinyorwa) ane maviri RS-232 serial ports.Seri kutaurirana zvakare inowanzoshandiswa kutaurirana protocol yezviridzwa nemidziyo.
(3)Ethernet
Ethernet ikombiyuta yeLAN tekinoroji.IEEEE 802.3 yakajairwa ndiyo tekinoroji yeEthernet, iyo inosanganisira zviri mukati meiyo physical layer connection, electronic signal uye media access layer protocol??
(4)MBus
MBus kure meter yekuverenga system (symphonic mbus) iEuropean standard 2-waya mabhazi maviri, anonyanya kushandiswa kushandiswa kwekuyeresa zviridzwa zvakaita semamita ekupisa uye mvura yemamita akateedzana.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-07-2021
